Selenium Waits

Learn how Selenium waits for web elements and conditions before performing automation actions.

LAB WAIT

OBJECTIVE

What You Will Practice

Understand why waits are required.
Practice delayed elements.
Understand Implicit Wait.
Understand Explicit Wait.
Understand Fluent Wait.
Practice timeout behaviour.
Understand polling.
Select the correct wait strategy.

Implicit Wait

The browser waits for an element to become available before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

IMPLICIT

Element will appear after 3 seconds...

Selenium Java


                    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(10));

Explicit Wait

Wait for a specific condition before continuing the automation script.

EXPLICIT

Waiting for condition...

Selenium Java


                    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));

                    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(element));

Fluent Wait

Configure timeout, polling interval and ignored exceptions.

FLUENT

Polling for element...

Poll Count: 0

Selenium Java


                    Wait<WebDriver> wait = new FluentWait<>(driver)

                    .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(15))

                    .pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(2))

                    .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

Timeout Handling

Understand what happens when an expected element does not appear.

TIMEOUT

Selenium Concept


                    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(locator));

Choose the Correct Wait

Select the most appropriate wait strategy for each scenario.

CHALLENGE

Scenario 1

You want Selenium to wait globally for elements throughout the application.

Scenario 2

You need to wait until a specific button becomes clickable.

Scenario 3

You need custom polling and exception handling.

QUICK REFERENCE

Selenium Waits

Implicit Wait

driver.manage()
    .timeouts()
    .implicitlyWait(
        Duration.ofSeconds(10)
    );

Explicit Wait

WebDriverWait wait =
    new WebDriverWait(
        driver,
        Duration.ofSeconds(10)
    );

Expected Condition

wait.until(
    ExpectedConditions
    .elementToBeClickable(
        element
    )
);

Fluent Wait

new FluentWait<WebDriver>(
    driver
)
.withTimeout(...)
.pollingEvery(...)
.ignoring(...);